Authorship

Authorship is a critical aspect of research publication, acknowledging a researcher's contributions and carrying associated responsibilities. This journal follows specific criteria to determine authorship:

1. Intellectual Contribution: Authors should have made significant intellectual contributions to the theoretical development, system/experimental design, prototype development, data analysis, and interpretation related to the article's content.

2. Manuscript Involvement: Authors should have contributed to drafting the manuscript, reviewing it, and revising it for intellectual content.

3. Final Approval: Authors must approve the final version of the article, including the references.

4. Accountability: Authors are personally accountable for their contributions and should ensure the accuracy and integrity of all aspects of the work, even those they were not directly involved in. Any issues should be appropriately investigated and resolved, with the resolution documented in the literature.

This journal does not require all authors to sign a submission letter or dictate the order of author names. Submission implies that all listed authors have consented to the content, including the author list and contribution statements. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring this agreement, managing communication between the journal and co-authors, and submitting competing interests' statements on behalf of all authors.

The corresponding author (and, in multi-group collaborations, a senior member from each group) should:

- Ensure data, materials, and code comply with transparency and reproducibility standards.
- Preserve original data/materials/code for reanalysis following best practices.
- Confirm that data/materials/code presentation accurately reflects the original.
- Anticipate and minimize obstacles to sharing data/materials/code.
- Ensure all authors (or group leaders in multi-lab collaborations) certify the author list and contributions.

Author lists should be carefully considered before submission. The corresponding author must provide written permission from authors for any unpublished material cited and identify previously published material within the manuscript, obtaining permission for re-use.

After acceptance, the corresponding author is responsible for proof accuracy, author details, and affiliations. Changes to the author list after acceptance are not allowed.

Post-publication, the corresponding author serves as the point of contact for queries and should promptly inform co-authors of any relevant issues. Authors must promptly notify the journal of any necessary corrections.

Any changes to the author list after submission must be approved by all authors. This journal editors do not mediate authorship disputes, which should be directed to the relevant institutional authority.

Primary author affiliations should reflect the institution where most of their work was conducted. If authors have moved, their current affiliation can be included.